Telephone



(No Model.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W. HUMANS.

TELEPHONE.

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3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. HUMANS.

(No Model.)

TELEPHONE.

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(Nu Model.) 3 sheets-'sheen a..

W. HUMANS. TELEPHONE.

No. 449,254. Patented Mar. s1, 1891.

WITNESSES: WE-Nw-pn' ne: mmus wenn: cn.; moro-umn., vmmmarow, l:V c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

IVILLIAM HUMANS, OF CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THE AMERICANMAGNETIC ELECTRIC COMPANY, OF JERSEY CITY, NEIV JERSEY.

TELEPHONE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 449,254, dated March31, 1891.

Application filed July 23, 1885. Serial No. 172,434. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIMI HUMANS, a citizen of the Dominion of Canada,residing at Cambridge, in the county of Middlesex and State ofMassachusetts, have invented a new and useful Magneto-Telephone, ofwhich the following is a specification, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, making a part hereof, in which- Figure 1 is asection on line o; of Fig. 2, which is a plan with the diaphragm removedof one of my telephones, which can be used either as a transmitter orreceiver. Fig. 3 is a detail, partly in section, illustrating thediaphragm and its clamping-bars. Fig. 4 is a sectional det-ail showingthe spool and its coil and the projecting pole-piece for receiving thespool and containing the adjustable polepiece. Figs. 5 and 6 arediametrical sections at right angles one to the other of a telephonewith a single pole. Fig. 7 is a plan of one pair of magnets, and Fig. 9a bottom plan of the same. Figs. 8 and 10 are the top and bottom plansof the other pair of magnets. Fig. 11 is an edge view of one of themagnets. Figs. 12 and 13 are edge views of the two magnets, shown inplan, arranged together in Fig. 12 to form a telephonecase with twopoles. Fig. 14 is a plan view showing the telephone with four poles.Fig. 15 illustrates details, some of which are also illustrated in Figs.1.5, 15b, 15C, 16, 17, and 18. Fig. 19 shows the telephone hung on ahook.

Mv invention is a telephone which consists, essentially, of a compoundpermanent magnet consisting of at least two permanent magnets, eachforming a portion of an annular or rectangular case, a diaphragm, andone or more pole-pieces, the free end of each polepiece being within thecase and under the diaphragm.

The advantages of my invention are not only cheapness of constructionand great durability, but also consist in concentration of the magneticfield, so as to utilize the variationsof that iield to .the fullestextent, not only to produce the movement of the diaa phragm when mytelephone is used as a re- In the drawings I have shown two pole-vpieces, each with its coil, and a diaphragm,

which is divided by clamping-bars into twoV semicircular diaphragms, onefor each polepiece, and this is the second feature of my invention.

In the drawings, A A A2 A3 are four permanent magnets, each forming halfa ring, so that when put together they form a complete ring or case withlike pole to like pole.

Fig. 12 shows the magnets A A2 together, and Figs. 11 and 13 show themagnets A A3, which are placed upon the magnets A A2, and the four areheld together by the hoop B and cover G, as illustrated in Figs. 5 and6. I prefer to form lugsa on the individual magnets and to connect themby screws, as shown.

vSome of these screws also serve to hold the pole-pieces a2 a3 in place,as clearly shown in Fig. 4.

A third feature of my construction consists in making the pole-piecetubular and inserting a core in that tube, as shown in Fig. 4. This partof my construction relates to the adjustment of the effective portionofthe pole-piece, and in practice I make the tubular portion of thepole-piece a3 as Va nut, and the adjustable portion a* as a screw, sothat by simply turning the pole-piece a4 in the polepiece c3 the niceadjustment requisite is readily effected. The check-nut 0,5 preservesthe adjustment.

The diaphragm D is shown clamped bei tween two brass rings d cl', andthe ring cl is secured t0 the magnets A A3, but the diaphragm may beitself clamped to the mag-r nets, although that will slightly reduce themagnetic energy, if the diaphragm be of sheet iron, as it usually is.The rings d d are crossed by bars d2 (Z3, which serve as clamps to holdthe diaphragm from moving when so clamped,.thus practically forming twodiaphragms, one for each pole-piece. Of course but one of thepole-pieces may be utilized, and in that case the axis of the pole-piecewill be in line with the center of the diaphragm and the cross-clampscl2 d3 dispensed with, and of course also four poles; or any othernumber, may be formed, and a polepiece be used with all or any number ofthe poles,- the diaphragm being clamped crosswise, so as to make asuitable portion for each pole-piece used, as in Fig. 1l.

The screwcups shown in Figs. 16 and 17 are held in place by clamping theinsulators ff in recesses f2, formed to receive them in the magnets, allas clearly shown in Figs. 11, 12, 13, and 2. The hangers (shown in Figs.15 and 15) and insulators (shown in Figs. 15J and 15C) are held in placein the same way in recesses f4. The hoop B is provided with holes tocorrespond with the holes formed by the recesses f2.

The pole-piece a3 carries the coil a, and when two coils are used theyare connected, as clearly shown in Fig. 2.

`The bottom g is held in place by screws g', as shown in Figs. 1 and 9,and the nuts g2 are dropped in cavities g3, formed in the poles of themagnets, as clearly shown in Figs. 1, 9, and 12, and the ring d is heldon in the same manner, as clearly shown in Figs. 1, 6, and 7.

The cover G is held in place either by its closeness of fit or by smallscrews.

The holes in the bottom g are for adjustment of the additionalpole-piecea".

The cover G is of sheet metal struck up into the proper form for atelephone monthpiece and may be held in place by the screws.

What I claim as my invention is 1. A telephone consisting of a permanentmagnet Whose elements are connected pole to pole to form a case, adiaphragm extending across the open end of that magnetic'case, and oneor more pole-pieces and coils Within that magnetic case, allsubstantially as described.

2. In combination, the magnets recessed at f2, the insulator ff', andmeans for holding the magnets together, whereby they act as clamps forthe insulators, all substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In combination, the magnets AA A2 A3, recessed at f2, and the hoop B,with the insulator f or f or its equivalent, and means for holding themagnets together, substantially as shown, whereby the magnets serve asclamps, as a case, and as magnets, all substantially as described.

s. The magnets A A A2 A3, in combination with the clamping-lugs a andpole-pieces a3, whereby the magnets are not'only held together in pairs,but those pairs are `also held.Y

together.

WILLIAM I-IUMANS.

Witnesses: f

J. E. MAYNADIER, JOHN R. SNOW.

